Chapter V. Starting, Manoeuvring and Changing Direction
36. Before moving off or performing a manoeuvre, the driver must warn other road users by using the direction indicator for the intended direction or, if it is absent or malfunctioning, by giving a hand signal. A signal is not required when a vehicle follows a curve in the road without changing lanes. The signal must be given in good time before moving off or beginning the manoeuvre and must cease immediately after the movement or manoeuvre has been completed (a hand signal must cease immediately before moving off or beginning the manoeuvre). The signal must be clear and must not mislead other road users, and the manoeuvre must not impede them. Giving a signal does not confer priority over other road users.
37. The hand signal for a left turn or U-turn is the left arm extended sideways, or the right arm bent upwards at a right angle at the elbow. The hand signal for a right turn is the right arm extended sideways, or the left arm bent upwards at a right angle at the elbow. The braking signal is either arm raised upwards.
38. When entering a road from an adjacent area, the driver must give way to vehicles travelling on that road; when leaving the road to enter an adjacent area, the driver must give way to cyclists. In both cases, the driver must not impede pedestrians.
39. When changing lanes, a driver must give way to vehicles travelling in the same direction in adjacent lanes without changing lanes. When vehicles travelling in the same direction change lanes simultaneously, the driver of the vehicle on the left must give way.
40. Before turning or making a U-turn, the driver must move in advance into the appropriate outermost lane of the carriageway for the intended direction, with the exception of the following cases:
when entering a roundabout;
when a road sign or marking permits this to be done from other lanes as well;
when there is no possibility of doing this due to the overall dimensions of the vehicle or for other reasons.
Where tram tracks running in the same direction are located at the same level on the left side of the carriageway, a left turn or U-turn must be made from those tracks, unless a different traffic arrangement is provided for by signs 5.15.1 "Directions of movement by lanes" or 5.15.2 "Directions of movement by lane", or by marking 1.18. The tram must not be impeded.
41. A turn must be made so that, on leaving the intersection of carriageways, the vehicle does not enter the side intended for oncoming traffic. During a right turn, the vehicle must move as close as possible to the right edge of the carriageway.
42. A turn onto a road with reversible traffic must be made so that, on leaving the intersection of carriageways, the vehicle enters the rightmost part of the carriageway. The driver may then change lanes if necessary, after ensuring that travel in that direction is also permitted in another lane.
43. When performing a turn or a U-turn at intersections, as well as outside them, if it is not possible to comply with the requirements of point 40 of the Rules due to the overall dimensions of the vehicle or for other reasons, the driver must activate the hazard warning lights and give way to vehicles approaching both from behind in the same direction and from the opposite direction.
44. When performing a left turn or a U-turn outside an intersection, the driver of a non-rail vehicle must give way to oncoming vehicles and to the tram moving in the same direction.
45. In cases where the paths of movement of vehicles cross, and the order of passage is not established by the Rules, the driver who has a vehicle approaching from the right must give way.
46. If it is difficult for oncoming vehicles to pass each other, the driver whose side is obstructed must give way. On road sections with a longitudinal slope marked with signs 1.13 "Steep descent" and 1.14 "Steep ascent", regardless of the placement of the obstacle, the way must be given by the driver of the vehicle moving in the direction of descent.
47. Where a deceleration lane is provided, a driver intending to turn must enter that lane in advance and reduce speed only after entering it. When entering a road where an acceleration lane is provided, the driver must continue along that lane and then merge into the adjacent lane, giving way to vehicles already travelling on the road.
48. A vehicle may be reversed only when it is safe to do so and other road users are not impeded. If necessary, the driver must seek the assistance of other persons.
49. Reversing is prohibited at intersections, when exiting from an adjacent area onto a road, and at the places listed in point 50 of the Rules.
50. A U-turn is prohibited:
at pedestrian crossings;
in tunnels;
on and under bridges, overpasses (viaducts), and flyovers;
at railway crossings;
where road visibility is less than 100 m in at least one direction;
on sections of the carriageway containing public transport stops;
on one-way roads.